MIP 300 Lecture Notes - Phototroph, Endergonic Reaction, Exergonic Process

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lemondog142

25 Jun 2014

School

CSU

Department

Microbio, Immun, Pathology

Course

MIP 300

Professor

Erica Suchman

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Document Summary

Photoautotrophs use sunlight and co2 to create organic molecules. Chemolithotrophic autotrophs oxidize inorganic molecules and use co2 to create organic molecules. Chemoheterotrophs use organic molecules (eat autotrophs), release co2. Energy stored in organic molecules must be converted to a form used by enzymes . Stored in phosphate bonds, to release energy phosphate bonds are broken. Coupled reactions exergonic reactions drive endergonic reactions. Enzymes use atp adp to drive reactions such as co2 glucose. Electrons move from donor, which is oxidized (loss of e-), to a recipient, which is reduced (gains e-) Nadh (reduced) + fad (oxidized) nad+ (oxidized) + fadh (reduced) Ch3cho (oxidized) + nadh (reduced) ch3ch2oh (reduced) + nad+ (oxidized) A molecule is oxidized (lost e-) if it loses h, gains o, increases + charge, or decreases charge. A molecule is reduced (gained e-) if it loses o, gains h, decreases + charge, or increases charge.

Related Questions

-Glucose fermentation by some microbes results in the accumulation of acids such as acetate and lactate in the medium. The acid byproducts are necessary toâ¦

a. Increase in ATP production by substrate level phosphorylation

b. increase ATP production by respiration

c. achieve redox balance

d. reverse electron transport to generate reducing power

e. disrupt energy transport

- Which of the following statements comparing and contrasting heterotrophs and autotrophs is NOT true:

a. Both herterotrops and autptrophs synthesize precursor metabolites

b. Heterophs use organic carbon sources as engery sources whereas autotrophs use carbon dioxide as carbon sources only

c. Heterophs cannot be phototrophs

d. Heterotrophs and autotrophs can harness energy from light

scarletreindeer378

1. Bacteria _______________ oxidize inorganic or organic chemical compounds to obtain their energy and _______________ derive their energy from sunlight.

2. If an organism uses CO2 as a carbon source it is _____________________, but if it extracts its carbon from organic compounds it is _____________________.

3. The vast majority of bacteria use ___________ _____________ as an energy source, _______________ ____________ as a carbon source and ____________ _____________ as a source of electrons and hydrogens because they are _________________________________.

4. If a bacterium that uses light and organic compounds to obtain its other nutrients is __________________________________, but if it uses light and CO2 as a carbon source it is ____________________________.

5. Fungi and most protozoa due to their C, energy and electron requirements are classified as _______________________________.

6. Bacteria that oxidize chemical compounds to obtain their energy and obtain their source of carbon and electrons from organic compounds say that they are ________________________.

7. Bacteria that oxidize inorganic chemical compounds to obtain their energy and electrons, but use CO2 as a carbon source are _______________________________.

8. Cyanobacteria are _________________________ because they use __________ as a source of energy, _____________ as a carbon source and _______________ as a source of electrons and hydrogen.

9. Nutrition in most bacteria occurs mainly by ___________________.

10. Most bacteria reproduce by _____________________, but some can be reproduced alternately by _______________ or ______________________.

1. You are given a culture of a purple-pigmented bacterium. You attempt to culture it under bright lights in a medium containing no reduced carbon source, and it fails to grow. You attempt to culture with glucose in the dark, and it still fails to grow. Last, you culture it with glucose in the light, and the culture grows. This bacterium is behaving as a:

A: Facultative Chemoheterotroph

B: Obligate Chemoheterotroph

C: Obligate Photoheterotroph

D: Facultative Photoautotroph

2. Organisms defined as autotrophs can:

A: Only use reduced carbon sources for biosynthesis

B: Only use the power of light to produce energy

C: Take CO₂ and convert it to organic molecules for biosynthesis

D: Only survive if they are in an atmosphere devoid of oxygen

3. Organisms defined as heterotrophs can:

A: Use reduced carbon sources for biosynthesis

B: Only use the power of light to produce ATP

C: Take CO₂ and convert it to organic molecules for biosynthesis

D: Only survive if they are in an atmosphere without oxygen

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MIP 300 Lecture Notes - Phototroph, Endergonic Reaction, Exergonic Process

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