MIP 300 Lecture Notes - Typhoid Fever, Zoonosis, Hospital-Acquired Infection
28 Jun 2014
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Document Summary
Sporadic disease occurs occasionally at irregular intervals, e. g. typhoid. Endemic disease steady frequency (often low level) in population, e. g. herpes viruses (hsv, ebv, cmv, chickenpox), hpv (70% of sexually active women, 50% men) Epidemic occurrence higher than expected, e. g. sars. Outbreak sudden occurrence higher than expected in a small group, e. g. legionnaire"s. Pandemic occurrence higher than expected world wide, e. g. influenza, hiv. Cdc study 10% of hospital patients develop (~2 4 million per year) Interesting fact: >80% of the ~1,300 known diseases are zoonotic, <100 are human specific. Morbidity rate: # individuals in population that become ill. Mortality rate: # of individuals in population who die. Common source: 1 common contaminated source, e. g. food, h2o. Reservoir: natural environment of pathogen from which infection occurs. Vectors: organisms that spread disease from one host to another. Note: vectors and carries are the same thing. Lyme disease reservoir: deer, mice; vector: tick. Carrier: infected individual, source of infection for others.
