SOCR 330 Lecture Notes - Zygote, Cytokinesis, Telophase

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31 Mar 2014
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Chromosomes become 2-stranded (each consists of 2 identical chromatids) Easiest stage to view karyotype under light microscope. Chromatids separate and move to poles of cell. Cell divides into two daughter cells, each with 1 chromatid from each chromosome. Daughter cells should be exact genetic replicas of parent cell that divides. Higher incidence of errors in rapidly dividing cells. Meiosis takes place in germline cells (ova, sperm, pollen) Zygonema: synaptonemal complex forms, recombination occurs between chromatids. Chiasma (chiasmata) cross, where chromatids cross over. Anaphase i: homologous chromosomes separate each still consists of 2 chromosomes. Telophase i: one chromosome from each homologous pair forms cluster at poles of cell. Chromatids separate and migrate to poles of cell. Resembles mitosis but only 1 homologous chromosome from each pair present in each cell. Halves chromosome number (so correct number restored in zygote next generation) Produces new combinations of alleles new phenotypes.

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