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CHM 103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Solubility, Salt Metathesis Reaction

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indigoserval232

2 Oct 2016

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Connecticut College

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Reactions with acids: metal hydroxide + acid metal salt of acid + h2o (acid-base reaction) Molecular equation: koh(aq) + hclo4(aq) kclo4(aq) + h2o(l) Net ionic equation: oh- + h+ h2o(l: metal oxide + acid metal salt of acid + h2o. Molecular equation: mno(s) + 2hno3(aq) mn(no3) 2(aq) + h2o(l) Net ionic equation: mno(s) + 2h+ mn2+ + h2o(l) Remember: weak acids do not dissociate: metal carbonate + acid metal salt of acid + h2o (l) + co2 (g) Molecular equation: nico3(s) + h2so4(aq) niso4(aq) + h2o(l) + Net ionic equation: nico3(s) + 2h+ ni2+ + h2o(l) + co2(g: other salts + acid (double displacement without a precipitate) Molecular equation: ca(ch3co2) 2(aq) + 2hi(aq) cai2(aq) + (aq) + h+(aq) hch3co2(aq) (weak acid: elemental metal + acid (except hno3) metal salt of acid + h2(g) Molecular equation: mg(s) + 2hcl mgcl2 + h2.

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Which of the following is a gas-evolution reaction? 2 C2H6(I) +- 7 O2(g) rightarrow 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g) LiCI(aq) + NaNO3(aq) rightarrow LiNO3(aq) + NaCI(g) 2 H2(g) + O2(g) rightarrow 2 H2O(g) NH4CI(aq) + KOH(aq) rightarrow KCI(aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(l) None of the above are gas-evolution reactions. Which of the following is an acid base reaction? C(s) + O2(g) rightarrow CO2(g) Fe(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) rightarrow 2 Ag(s) + Fe(NO3)2(aq) 2 HCIO4(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) rightarrow 2 H2O(l) + Ca(CIO4)2(aq) OMgSO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) - Mg(N03)2(aq) + BaS04(s) None of the above are acid base reactions. Identify the spectator ions in the following molecular equal KBr(aq) + AgNO3(aq) rightarrow AgBr(s) + KNO3(aq) Ag+ and NO3 k+ and NO3- k+ and Br+ Ag+ and Br+ There are no spectator ions in this reaction. Which of the following is a precipitation reaction? HCI(aq) + KOH(aq) rightarrow KCI(aq) + H2O(l) NaCI(aq) + Lil(aq) rightarrow Nal(aq) + LiCI(aq) 2 Lil(aq) + Hg2(NO3)2(aq) rightarrow Hg2l2(s) + 2 LiN03(aq) 2n(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) rightarrow 2 Ag(s) + Zn(NO3)2(aq) None of the above are precipitation reactions. Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of H2SO4 and KOH are mixed. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) rightarrow H2O(l) H+(aq) + OH-(aq) + 2 K4(aq) + SO42'(aq) rightarrow H2O(l) + K2SO4(s) H22+(aq) + OH - (aq) rightarrow H2(OH)2(l) 2 K+(aq) + SO42 - rightarrow (aq) K2SO4(s) No reaction occurs. Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of K2S and Fe(NO3)2 are mixed. Fe2+(aq) + S2-(aq) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3(aq) righarrow FeS(s) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3(aq) Fe2+(aq) + S2 - (aq) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3 - (aq) rightarrow Fe2+(aq) + S2-(aq) + 2 KNO3(s) Fe2+(aq) + S2 - (aq) rightarrow FeS(s) K+(aq) + NO3 - (aq) rightarrow KNO3(s) No reaction occurs. Choose the statement below that is TRUE. The term "weak electrolyte" means that the substance is inert. A strong acid solution consists of only partially ionized acid molecules. A molecular compound that does not ionize in solution is considered a strong electrolyte. A weak acid solution consists of mostly nonionized acid molecules. The term "strong electrolyte" means that the substance is extremely reactive. What is the molarity of a NaOH solution if 48.0 mL of a 0.220 M H2S04 solution is required to neutralize a 25.0-mL sample of the NaOH solution? 00.115 00.845 00.422 00.229 0132 What element is undergoing reduction (if any) in the following reaction? Zn(s) + 2 AgN03(aq) rightarrow Zn(NO3)2(aq) + 2 Ag(s) O Ag Zn N This is not an oxidation-reduction reaction.

Show transcribed image text Which of the following is a gas-evolution reaction? 2 C2H6(I) +- 7 O2(g) rightarrow 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g) LiCI(aq) + NaNO3(aq) rightarrow LiNO3(aq) + NaCI(g) 2 H2(g) + O2(g) rightarrow 2 H2O(g) NH4CI(aq) + KOH(aq) rightarrow KCI(aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(l) None of the above are gas-evolution reactions. Which of the following is an acid base reaction? C(s) + O2(g) rightarrow CO2(g) Fe(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) rightarrow 2 Ag(s) + Fe(NO3)2(aq) 2 HCIO4(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) rightarrow 2 H2O(l) + Ca(CIO4)2(aq) OMgSO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) - Mg(N03)2(aq) + BaS04(s) None of the above are acid base reactions. Identify the spectator ions in the following molecular equal KBr(aq) + AgNO3(aq) rightarrow AgBr(s) + KNO3(aq) Ag+ and NO3 k+ and NO3- k+ and Br+ Ag+ and Br+ There are no spectator ions in this reaction. Which of the following is a precipitation reaction? HCI(aq) + KOH(aq) rightarrow KCI(aq) + H2O(l) NaCI(aq) + Lil(aq) rightarrow Nal(aq) + LiCI(aq) 2 Lil(aq) + Hg2(NO3)2(aq) rightarrow Hg2l2(s) + 2 LiN03(aq) 2n(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) rightarrow 2 Ag(s) + Zn(NO3)2(aq) None of the above are precipitation reactions. Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of H2SO4 and KOH are mixed. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) rightarrow H2O(l) H+(aq) + OH-(aq) + 2 K4(aq) + SO42'(aq) rightarrow H2O(l) + K2SO4(s) H22+(aq) + OH - (aq) rightarrow H2(OH)2(l) 2 K+(aq) + SO42 - rightarrow (aq) K2SO4(s) No reaction occurs. Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of K2S and Fe(NO3)2 are mixed. Fe2+(aq) + S2-(aq) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3(aq) righarrow FeS(s) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3(aq) Fe2+(aq) + S2 - (aq) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3 - (aq) rightarrow Fe2+(aq) + S2-(aq) + 2 KNO3(s) Fe2+(aq) + S2 - (aq) rightarrow FeS(s) K+(aq) + NO3 - (aq) rightarrow KNO3(s) No reaction occurs. Choose the statement below that is TRUE. The term "weak electrolyte" means that the substance is inert. A strong acid solution consists of only partially ionized acid molecules. A molecular compound that does not ionize in solution is considered a strong electrolyte. A weak acid solution consists of mostly nonionized acid molecules. The term "strong electrolyte" means that the substance is extremely reactive. What is the molarity of a NaOH solution if 48.0 mL of a 0.220 M H2S04 solution is required to neutralize a 25.0-mL sample of the NaOH solution? 00.115 00.845 00.422 00.229 0132 What element is undergoing reduction (if any) in the following reaction? Zn(s) + 2 AgN03(aq) rightarrow Zn(NO3)2(aq) + 2 Ag(s) O Ag Zn N This is not an oxidation-reduction reaction.