CDFS 314 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Learned Helplessness, Latency Stage, Self Esteem (Song)

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Children can focus on developing intellectual, social, and other culturally valued skills. Mastering tasks of middle childhood produces a sense of industry, or competence. Difficulty in school or peer relationships may produce a sense of inferiority. Focuses on continued importance of rewards and modeling. Focuses on understanding the relationship between self and others. Better perspective-taking skills - more skilled at negotiating peer relations. Personality characteristics play a role in self-definition in middle childhood. Females are somewhat more likely than males to define themselves in terms of their groups. Around age 5-7, children are able to make judgments about their performance in seven different areas: Physical ability, physical appearance, peer relationships, parent relationships, reading, math, and general school performance. Make judgments about their performance; display an overall self-concept. Girls more positive regarding reading, academics, and helping others. Boys more positive regarding math, physical ability, and physical appearance. Authoritative parenting and acceptance by peers contributes to higher self-esteem.

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