ENVS 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Anaerobic Respiration, Volcano, Chemosynthesis
8 Dec 2016
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4. 1, the cell- the fundamental unit of life. Cells of all organisms depend on carbs to power their functions. Organisms are divided into 2 groups based on cell structure. Prokaryotes- resemble earliest cellular life on earth. (bacteria and relatives) Eukaryotes- more complex, contains organelles, or membrane-enclosed little organs that perform specialized functions. (mitochondria (powerhouse), chloroplasts) Both filled with cytoplasm, a gel-like substance that includes various structures that do the work of the cell. Both protected by plasma membrane that regulates flow of material in and out of cell. Kingdom (6): animalia, fungi, plantae (true plants, like trees), eubacteria (strep), Photosynthesis- how plants and algae nourish themselves. Chlorophyll, a pigment in chloroplasts, captures and absorbs light energy from the sun, through chemical reactions, the energy is used to combine carbon and water to form carbohydrate molecules, like sugar glucose. O2 in the atmosphere is a byproduct of photosynthesis. 6co2 + 6h2o + energy (sunlight) c6h12o6 (sugar) + 6o2.
