NFS 203 Lecture 5: Ch 5 nfs 203

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Ch 5 Obesity and Pregnancy - Higher incidence of preterm delivery, gestational diabetes, and hypertension - Having 2 or more of these abnormalities increase risk of disease: - Increased blood glucose - High C reactive protein levels - Increased insulin blood concentration and blood pressure - High LDL and triglycerides - Visceral fat produce inflammation and oxidative stress - Weight loss during pregnant decreases risk for large for gestational age infants but increases risk for small for gestational age and lowers duration of pregnancy Bariatric Surgery - Dumping syndrome: - Weakness, dizziness, nausea, palpitation, after eating produced from rapid emptying of the stomach - Leads to thiamin, D, B12, iron and calcium deficiency - Decrease maternal complications in obese women before pregnancy Hypertensive Disorders - Chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelium damage - Endothelium damage and oxidative stress = endothelial dysfunction (restricted placenta blood flow, increased blood clot, plaque) - Four Types: - Chronic Hypertension - Present before pregnancy or before week 20 - Blood pressure >140 mm Hg systolic OR >90 diastolic - Preterm delivery, fetal growth retardation, placenta abruption (separation of placenta from the uterus wall before delivery) - Reduce salt intake *but not too excessive - Gestational Hypertension - Elevated blood pressure detected after mid pregnancy - Increases risk of preclampsia - Preeclampsia and Eclampsia - After 20 weeks - Cured by delivering the placenta - Symptoms: - Increased blood pressure, headache, blurred vision, ab pain and abnormal liver enzymes - Oxidative stress - Blood vessel spasm - Adverse immune system - Low urine output - Eye sensitivity - Abnormal blood flow to placenta - eclampsia leads to seizures - Higher risk: - In women born SGA, insulin resistance, obesity and high triglycerides - Low fiber and unhealthy diets - Iron supplements - Vitamin D and Calcium used to reduce risk in those with poor status Diabetes - Absense of lack of beta cell production of insulin and abnormal blood glucose - Gestational Diabetes: - Risks: - Spontaneous abortions, stillbirth, congenital abnormalities -