ARTHIST 101D Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Psychopathy, Trebonianus Gallus, Roman Sculpture
10 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Religion and the State: the temple, late Roman Sculpture, and the church
Temple of Fortuna Virilis, Rome
75 BCE
The Pantheon, Rome
117-125 CE
Built by Emperor Hadrian
Oculus: circular window (only window in the Pantheon)
Portico joined by an intermediate zone to the basilica Neptuni
o Portico: porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof
structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls
Fusion of structurally opposed architectural concepts: the axial and horizontal form of the Greek
temper with a domed interior
Atrium: courtyard (can be a house or public place)
Dome somewhat concealed by the portico
Two layers of pediments
o Theory: originally, wanted 50 feet tall columns, but maybe the columns were lost and they
opted for 39 feet tall columns
Drum penetrated by passageways and niches which save space and material
Relieving arches (reminiscent of the relieving triangles in the pyramids): relieves and distributes
the weight over the indentations
Coffering: sunken panel in the shape of a square, rectangle, or octagon in a ceiling, soffit or vault
o Boxes have broader shelf on bottom than on top (steeper)
o Aesthetic effect of three-dimensional relief by playing with the shadows
Combating the problem of lateral thrust (tendency for outward force of arches and domes)
o Walls get thicker at the lower third provides extra buttressing
Marcus Aurelius
Capitoline, Rome
175 CE
Only surviving bronze horse
o Survived because people mistook him for Constantine (first Christian emperor)
Terrorist blew it to bits – was repaired and now indoors; the one in Capitoline, Rome is a
reproduction
Roman loops of cloth
Hadrian
117-120
Philosopher emperor
Wore a beard (started a trend into the 2nd century) to imitate Greek philosophers
Marcus Aurelius
Ephesus, Turkey
175 CE
Commodus as Heracles
Emperor who was delusional – fought lions in the Coliseum
Caracalla
Emperor who was a psychopath
o Always looks angry and suspicious
Emperor Decius
249-251
Persecuted the Christian
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Religion and the state: the temple, late roman sculpture, and the church. Oculus: circular window (only window in the pantheon) Fusion of structurally opposed architectural concepts: the axial and horizontal form of the greek temper with a domed interior. Atrium: courtyard (can be a house or public place) Two layers of pediments: theory: originally, wanted 50 feet tall columns, but maybe the columns were lost and they opted for 39 feet tall columns. Drum penetrated by passageways and niches which save space and material. Relieving arches (reminiscent of the relieving triangles in the pyramids): relieves and distributes the weight over the indentations. Combating the problem of lateral thrust (tendency for outward force of arches and domes: walls get thicker at the lower third provides extra buttressing. Only surviving bronze horse: survived because people mistook him for constantine (first christian emperor) Terrorist blew it to bits was repaired and now indoors; the one in capitoline, rome is a.
