ARTHIST 101D Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Clerestory, Suger, Diocletian
10 May 2018
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Last Lecture
Various trade routes and the exchange of materials
Technology
o Water mills that felt cloth and grind the grain
Bishops income: farms, rents of property, tithes, donations and customary offerings (oblations)
o Church has become a center of economic and civic life
o Residents are becoming increasingly entrepreneurial and want to govern themselves
o Strife and tension between townspeople and bishop
Pilgrim’s badges from Chartres
Power and prayer and penance
Prayer to relics was to give penance and pray to specific saints
Badges were given to pilgrims to show that they had travelled
Themes:
Revival of Roman monumentality (gigantism)
Vaulted interiors which is Islamic influence (ribs and pointed arches)
o Soaring stone vaults (stone is fireproof)
The sacred and spiritual expressed through architectural form
Unity of architecture and sculptural decoration comes together as a exaltation of faith
The conquest of light
Amiens (1220+)
Nave: part of the church used for the laypeople (west)
Choir: Eastern end of church where bishop and clergymen were
Transept: transverse area of the church
Radiating chapels (introduced by Abbot Suger)
Lighter materials, less of a need for heavy-duty stone buttresses material and structural
efficiency
Progressing verticality and larger windows as time passes
Toulouse, the pilgrimage church of St. Sernin (1078-1125)
Romanesque system
Barrel vault with transverse arches supported by compound piers
Lack of light
Compare with Gothic system (Amiens) is filled with light
Gothic structure (example of Amiens) STUDY THE STRUCTURES!!
Clerestory
Triforium
Piers as part of the arcade
Flying buttresses: curving, quadrant arches that are external to the structure
o Counteracts interior lateral thrust
o Allows construction of large windows despite lateral thrust
o Allowed vertical expansion
o Allowed stained glass windows
Chartres, Virgin and Child (1170)
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Document Summary
Various trade routes and the exchange of materials. Technology: water mills that felt cloth and grind the grain. Prayer to relics was to give penance and pray to specific saints. Badges were given to pilgrims to show that they had travelled. Vaulted interiors which is islamic influence (ribs and pointed arches: soaring stone vaults (stone is fireproof) The sacred and spiritual expressed through architectural form. Unity of architecture and sculptural decoration comes together as a exaltation of faith. Nave: part of the church used for the laypeople (west) Choir: eastern end of church where bishop and clergymen were. Lighter materials, less of a need for heavy-duty stone buttresses material and structural efficiency. Progressing verticality and larger windows as time passes. Toulouse, the pilgrimage church of st. sernin (1078-1125) Barrel vault with transverse arches supported by compound piers. Compare with gothic system (amiens) is filled with light. Gothic structure (example of amiens) study the structures!
