COMPSCI 92L Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Hypertext Transfer Protocol, World Wide Web Foundation, Internet Protocol Suite
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11 May 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
COMPSCI 92L
Astrachan
Spring 2016
1-20-16
Lecture 1: History Behind Web/Internet and Deeper Protocol
● Web and Internet
○ first website live on 12/25/90
○ Free the Internet movement in India developed from Facebook to aid India’s web
censorship and slow connectivity speed problems
○ Internet - a collection of autonomous systems (AS) and how these networks
connect to each other
■ networks run themselves, or are run by an entire country, organization,
corporation, entity
■ ex. Duke’s Internet: AS13371, Pakistan: AS24435
○ Internet protocol standard - distinction made between names, addresses and
routes, dealing mainly with addresses
■ name - what we seek
■ address - where it is
■ route - how to get there
○ VPN - Virtual Private Network
○ IPv4 address: dotted quad
■ ex. 3 sets of 3 digits followed by 2 digits, 11 digits total
■ quad: 0-255 since 2^8 = 256
■ ex. 123.456.789.10
■ 32-bit address, 2^32 = 4 billion Internet addresses - NOT ENOUGH to
sustain all the addresses devices need per person in the world
■ IPv6: 10^38 addresses, way more than we need
● DNS, IP, Names/Numbers
○ visiting one website can have different IP address depending on what ads and
extensions serve the website you’re on
■ ex. going from Amazon to look up a textbook, then going to Facebook
and seeing an ad for the same textbook means that Facebook has
access to the previous IP address if Amazon has a Facebook extension
■ ex. going on Media Technologies Wordpress website w/ Twitter
extension, and then going to Twitter gives connected IP addresses to
Twitter
■ ex. Wikipedia can’t do this because it doesn’t have ads, protecting your
privacy and IP address
○ going incognito doesn’t hide website history from your employer, Internet Service
Provider (ISP) or other websites you visit
○ Domain Name Service maps name to address
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