PHIL 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Techne, Episteme, Posterior Analytics
3 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
History of Ancient Philosophy
10.31 Lecture Notes: Metaphysics
Itodutio to Aistotle’s Metaphsis
- Questions about the general nature of being (things that exist)
- Necessary truths – something that cannot be otherwise
o Something that is true in all possible worlds (kind of theoretical)
- Aristotle wrote the Physics and then he wrote a set of books afterwards that people call
the books that come after the physics – hih i Geek is etaphsis
- Refes to etaphsis as fist philosoph
- Principles or axioms of being
- Begins with talking about the senses and what we can know from them
- Art = techne = characteristic/knowledge oriented towards production
o Techne comes from experience of individual particulars and passes on to
become a techne when the individual is able to generalize to a new conclusion
on the basis of a limited number of instances
- A peso ho is ol epeiees ko HOW ut the a ith koledge of auses
ko WHY soethig ought to e doe i a patiula a
o Knowledge of causes = knowledge of why
- Epeiee siila to siee ad at
o Science = episteme = generalizations
o But really, science and art comes to men by experience
o Differs from Plato that knowledge can only be of the Forms, and that knowledge
is already obtained by the soul
o Whereas, Aristotle believes that experience leads to knowledge
- “oe aials hae eoies ad soe do’t
o Of the animals with memory, they have little coherence in their memories as
limited by their cognitive faculties
o Many memories single experience – seems like only man and other more
advanced animals can do this
- The line in the cave allegory
o Refer back to the two lines in my notes in metaphysics
o Aristotle reverts this entire drawing
- A believes you can have knowledge of the stuff that exists
- A interested in relationship between generalizations and particular experiences
o Maybe a problem of evidence
o Metaphysically, what is it about a particular experience that allows us to make
generalizations
o Plato: things participate in the Forms
- Aristotle – Analytics books are about logic
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Document Summary
Questions about the general nature of being (things that exist) Necessary truths something that cannot be otherwise: something that is true in all possible worlds (kind of theoretical) Aristotle wrote the physics and then he wrote a set of books afterwards that people call the books that come after the physics (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h i(cid:374) g(cid:396)eek is (cid:862)(cid:373)etaph(cid:455)si(cid:272)s(cid:863) Begins with talking about the senses and what we can know from them. The line in the cave allegory: refer back to the two lines in my notes in metaphysics, aristotle reverts this entire drawing. A believes you can have knowledge of the stuff that exists. A interested in relationship between generalizations and particular experiences: maybe a problem of evidence, metaphysically, what is it about a particular experience that allows us to make generalizations, plato: things participate in the forms. Aristotle analytics books are about logic. What is accidental knowledge: why v. how. Based on what we know, this is a valid argument.
