BIOL 1051 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Intron, Gene Therapy, Chemotherapy

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Genome: a complete set of an organism"s dna. Sequencing: determining the order of bases on dna. 1990- started the human genome project; determined that there are roughly 3,000 base pairs. Human genome has 3,400 base pairs; and an amoeba has 670,000 base pairs, but humans are more complex than amoebas. There are a family of genes that regulate development; a single mutation can have dire consequences; Mutation- any change in the order of bases on a strand of dna. Mutations are the source of all diversity in life on earth. No effect occurs when the mutation in the dna does not change the amino acid that is called for. If the substitution occurs in the third codon, it doesn"t change the sequence of the amino acids; going from a g to a c, or vice versa; this type is called a neutral mutation (same sense) Frameshift (moving to the right) mutations come from either insertions or deletions.

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