NUTR 2105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Human Body Weight, Caffeine
10 Apr 2017
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Document Summary
Fat is used for energy between meals. An imbalance in energy in v out causes weight changes, not simply fat. Classic rule is 1lb fat = 3500 kcal (not exactly correct, differs with gender and weight measuring food energy. Direct measure of foods energy value through a bomb calorimeter. Indirect measure of energy released through oxygen consumed. Hunger: the physiological response to nerve signals and chemical messengers regulated by the hypothalamus. In uenced by nutrients in bloodstream, temperature, illness, physical activity, hormones. Satiety: signal to not start eating again factors that in uence eating. External cues: time of day, availability, sight, taste of food. High-fat foods stimulate appetite, weak effect on satiation, more calorie dense hypothalamus. Integrates messages: energy intake, expenditure, and storage. Gastrointestinal hormones:in uences appetite control and energy balance. Thermogenesis: heat generation. a measure of energy expended. Total energy components includes: basal metabolism, physical activity, food consumption, and adaptation.
