ANT 333 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Multi-Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Zip Code, Evolutionary Medicine
13 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
TB/Polio
Tuesday, February 6, 2018
2:34 PM
• Modern history of tb
• Death rates and interventions
• Why did death rates decrease?
o Increase in living conditions
o Better medication/sanitation
o Garbage collection, sewage
o Cut the rate of death by 90% for TB
• Darwinian medicine
o Bacteria are "learning" to fight off the aging antibiotics
• Jk theyre evolving they cant learn silly scientists
• Your longevity is more affected by your zip code than your genetic code
• Public health campaigns for TB
• They have skin test: standard tb test for generations
• The largeness of the skin thing tells you how possible it is to get tb
• Xpert mtb/rif can test for myobacterium tb from sputum
o Can also test for immunity from the antibiotic used
• Urine test, cheaper and faster
• Dna amplification requires sputum sample, which identifies rifampicin resistance
• Primary lesion of tb is usually in lung
• Affects many parts of the body (spreads)
• Isnt much change after 2 months of tb treatment
• Behavior and prevention
• Its airborne so it can live or a while in the air
• Can have latent infection and be infectious
• There are 7 different strains of tb that are being spread rn
• Sex gender etc
• 1/3rd of the world is infected with at least latent tb and one in 10 of them will get sick
• 4 in 10 cases are not correctly diagnosed
• DOTS: directly observed treatment, short course: 5 elements
o Political commitment
o Microscopy devices
o Drug supplies
o Surveillance and monitoring systems
o Highly effective regimes w direct observation of treatment
o Cures up to 95% even in the poorest countries
o $11 per patient
o Prevents MDR tb using the full course of treatment
• Polio
• Virus affects
• Eradicated from the western world, tbh most countries in the world
• Nuts and bolts
o Poliomyelitis
o Majority have a passing non-specific illness (flu like)
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