PSYC 210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Dissociative Identity Disorder, Auditory Hallucination, Avolition
19 May 2018
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PSYCH 210 – Adult Abnormal Psychology
Lecture 12
Schizophrenia
Description and Diagnosis
General Picture: WHAT IT IS?
- Hallmark characteristic is PSYCHOSIS: significant loss of contact with reality
- One does not have to be psychotic to have schizophrenia
General Picture: WHAT IT IS NOT?
- Schizophrenia IS NOT dissociative identity disorder (aka: multiple personality syndrome
– Müller)
- Psychosis IS NOT Psychopathy (psychopaths are not psychotic)
General Picture: Epidemiology
Prevalence: 1 in 100
Costs: ~60 Billion/year
Schizophrenia is widespread and expensive
Also a very impairing disorder
Age at Onset: late teens, early 20s
Sex differences: SCZ is more frequent in men, age of onset earlier in men, symptoms more
severe in men
Symptom Domains
Positive Symptoms – things that shouldn’t be there, but are (~50-70% patients)
Negative Symptoms – things that should be there, but are not (~25% patients)
Positive Symptoms
Delusions – erroneous beliefs about self, others, world, relatively fixed and insensitive to
contrary evidence
- Delusions of Grandeur
- Delusions of Control
- Delusion of Reference
- Thought Blocking/Insertion
Hallucinations – presence of sensory event in the absence of a real external stimulus (e.g.
hearing voices without there being voices) Auditory hallucinations are most common, and these
voices can be extremely intrusive, criticizing patients. Command hallucinations can be
problematic making patients violent and harmful.
Negative Symptoms
The 5A’s
- Avolition: Apathy and inability to engage in activities of daily living
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Hallmark characteristic is psychosis: significant loss of contact with reality. One does not have to be psychotic to have schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is not dissociative identity disorder (aka: multiple personality syndrome. Psychosis is not psychopathy (psychopaths are not psychotic) Sex differences: scz is more frequent in men, age of onset earlier in men, symptoms more severe in men. Positive symptoms things that shouldn"t be there, but are (~50-70% patients) Negative symptoms things that should be there, but are not (~25% patients) Delusions erroneous beliefs about self, others, world, relatively fixed and insensitive to contrary evidence. Hallucinations presence of sensory event in the absence of a real external stimulus (e. g. hearing voices without there being voices) auditory hallucinations are most common, and these voices can be extremely intrusive, criticizing patients. Command hallucinations can be problematic making patients violent and harmful. Avolition: apathy and inability to engage in activities of daily living.
