BIO 474 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Peripheral Nervous System, Motor Neuron, Endocrine System
Endocrine
chemical system of horomones
Nervous System
system of electrical signals
Central Nervous System
Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System
Nevers and the branches coming off of them
Afferent and efferent
afferent nerves
sensory nerves going to the cental nervous system
efferent nerves
nerves going away from the brain to the muscles and the glands
somatic and autonomic
Somatic
between central system and skeletal muscles
controlable
autonomic
from central to smooth and cardiac muscles
involuntary
sympathetic
parasympathetic
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sympathetic
increase activity
Parasympathetic
cause a decrease in activity
Neurons
cells that send and receive electrical messages
dendrite
sends message to cell body
Neural Cell body
keeps cell alive
preforms normal cell functions
axon
takes message from cell body to other cells
colaterals
branches of the axons
axon terminals
end of axon that holds the synaptic end bulb
synaptic end bulb
releases neurotrnasmitters to act on denrite of the next cell
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motor neuron cells
efferent nervous system
long axons and short multidendrites
sensory neurons
long dendrites and shorter axons
association/inter neurons
central nervous system
connect neurons to each other
mostly sensory to motor, but also motor-motor, sensory-sensory
Glial Cells
smaller and greater in number than neurons
dont act in signaling
support neurons
secrete spinal fluid
insulate electrical cahrges
Schwan Cells
wrap cell membrane around axon of a neuron, acts as an electrial insolation to increase the speed of
info down a neuron
Myelin Sheath
sheath around nerves that is made of schwan cells
nerve fiber
longer process, axon, dendrite, sheath around
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Document Summary
Nevers and the branches coming off of them. Afferent and efferent afferent nerves sensory nerves going to the cental nervous system efferent nerves nerves going away from the brain to the muscles and the glands somatic and autonomic. Somatic between central system and skeletal muscles controlable autonomic from central to smooth and cardiac muscles involuntary sympathetic parasympathetic sympathetic increase activity. Neurons cells that send and receive electrical messages dendrite sends message to cell body. Glial cells smaller and greater in number than neurons dont act in signaling support neurons secrete spinal fluid insulate electrical cahrges. Schwan cells wrap cell membrane around axon of a neuron, acts as an electrial insolation to increase the speed of info down a neuron. Myelin sheath sheath around nerves that is made of schwan cells nerve fiber longer process, axon, dendrite, sheath around. 2 layers only - dura matter and secondary menix mammals.
