GLY 2010C Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Hypocenter, Elastic-Rebound Theory, Types Of Volcanic Eruptions
Document Summary
Earthquakes occur when stored elastic energy is released via elastic rebound. Earthquakes are most often associated with movement on a fault - new or existing. Most earthquakes are a result of what? tectonic plate motion (fault motion) How many detectable earthquakes occur each year? more than a million. How many large earthquakes are there per year? several hundred. Most earthquake damage is due to what? ground shaking. Sudden motion along a newly formed crustal fault. The hypocenter is the place where fault slip occurs. Epicenter is the land surface right above the hypocenter. Faults are like planar breaks in blocks of crust. On a sloping fault, what are crustal blocks classified as? footwall (block below the fault) hanging wall (block above the fault) The hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall. The hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall. Slope or dip of a reverse fault is steep.
