PSB 3002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Intermediate Filament, Nucleolus, Axoplasm

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23 Mar 2018
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Parts of a neuron cell body (soma) dendrites axon terminal buttons. Cell body (soma) contains nucleus and support mechanisms; receives info from dendrites. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons; messages from other neurons are transmitted across the synapse. Axon fluid-filled nerve fiber that carries info (electrical signals) away from cell body; conducts electrical message (action potential) from soma to the terminal button. --myelinated axons conducted messages 10x faster nodes of ranvier small spaces between sheaths of myelin; allow messages to jump from node to node speeding up transmission of the message. Terminal button form junctions with other cells and release neurotransmitters in response to action potential. Synapse a junction between the terminal button of an axon and the membrane of another neuron. Neurotransmitter chemical released by terminal buttons in response to action potential which has an inhibitory or excitatory affect on receiving cell, thus helping to determine whether the action potential occurs in its axon.

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