BSC-2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Hydrogen Atom, Sodium Chloride, Goitre

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Living organisms and their environment are subject to basic laws of physics and chemistry. Example: the use of formic acid by wood ants to protect themselves against predators and microbial parasites. Matter consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Element: substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions. Each element has a unique symbol usually the rst one or two letters of the name. Compound: substance consisting of two or more elements in a xed ratio. Both elements alone can be extremely dangerous, but together they form an edible compound. When two elements interact during a chemical reaction, it"s the electrons that are involved. The nuclei do not come close enough together to react. Nitrogen de ciency - crops are not as health as those with nitrogen. Iodine de ciency - goiter; enlargement of the thyroid gland.

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