MCB 2004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Archaea, Metagenomics, Cell Envelope
Document Summary
Human cancer viruses: 15% of human cancer cases are caused by viruses. Life expectancy increase in the usa due to medicine. Units of measurement: 1nm= 10e-9m, unaided eye: 0. 4mm. Microbes: organisms too small to be seen with the unaided eye. Rna/ need host cell: living creatures (except viruses, microbial genomes. Microorganisms: produce fermented food, industrial chemicals, medicine, biomedical research, dispose organic waste, can be disease-causing. Important dates: 1857-1914: golden age of microbiology, 1665: cells (hooke) Cell theory: all living things are composed of cells and come from preexisting cells (virchow: 1860"s: aseptic techniques (lister, 1876: koch. Specific microbe causes a specific disease: 1940"s: penicillin; first antibiotic (flemming) Debate over spontaneous generation: hypothesis that living organisms arise from nonliving matter. Maggots appeared in jars that were not sealed off to bugs. Swan neck flask experiment: proved that microbes exist in nonliving matter. Pasteurization: application of high heat for a short time. Detect agent in host with disease: 2.
