APK-4400 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cognitive Evaluation Theory, Autopilot, Motivation
11 Oct 2017
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Reinforcers can be either positive or negative: punishers responses from the environment that decrease the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. If doing something results in good consequence (such as being rewarded). Then people tend to repeat the behavior to achieve additional positive reinforcement: bad consequences. If doing something results in an unpleasant consequence (such as being punished), then people tend not to repeat the behavior to avoid more negative consequences. Intermittent: reward appropriate behaviors, reward successful approximations, shaping (small improvements in skill acquisition, reward performance, not only outcome, reward effort, reward emotional and social skills, provide performance feedback, motivational feedback, enhances confidence, inspire greater effort. Important for complex skills: rewarding the little things, step by step on the success of each skill acquisition, types of feedback, verbal praise, facial expressions. Impose punishment impersonally: do not punish athletes for errors while playing, do not punish other tea(cid:373)(cid:373)ates for a(cid:374) i(cid:374)di(cid:448)idual"s (cid:373)istake.
