ACBU 2222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Trial Balance

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19 Sep 2016

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Equal debits & credits made in accounts for each transaction in double-entry system (total debits=total credits) Effects of debits & credits on assets & liabilities are opposite: debits increase assets while credits decrease assets, debits decrease liabilities while credits increase liabilities. Effects of debits & credits on equity & liabilities are same for stockholders" equity: debits decrease stockholders" equity while credits increase stockholders" equity. Revenues increase stockholders" equity & expenses decrease equity: debits decrease revenues while credits increase revenues, debits increase expenses while credits decrease expenses. Dividends decrease stockholders" equity: debits increase dividends while credits decrease dividends. Basic steps in recording process: analyze each transaction for its effect on accounts, enter transaction information in a journal, transfer journal information to appropriate accounts in ledger. Ledger is entire group of accounts maintained by company & keeps all information about changes in accounts balances in 1 place (useful source of data for management)

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From that chart of accounts select an account (try to pick onethat has not been discussed yet), in the subject box put theaccount title you selected, then do the following:

1. Assets, Liabilities, Owner's Equity, Revenues, and Expenses arethe five categories (account types) that an account can beclassified as. Which category is the account you selected includedin?

2. The double-entry accounting system has specific rules forrecording debits and credits based on the type of account. Describehow these rules apply to the account you selected.

3. The normal balance of an account can be either a debit or acredit depending on whether increases in the account are recordedas debits or credits. What is the normal balance of the account youselected?

4. Think of a transaction that your account would be used in.Describe and illustrate journalizing the transaction.

In this chapter we were provided a chart of accounts withsixteen accounts in exhibit 2 in the text.

From that chart of accounts select an account (try to pick onethat has not been discussed yet), in the subject box put theaccount title you selected, then do the following:

1. Assets, Liabilities, Owner's Equity, Revenues, and Expensesare the five categories (account types) that an account can beclassified as. Which category is the account you selected includedin?

2. The double-entry accounting system has specific rules forrecording debits and credits based on the type of account. Describehow these rules apply to the account you selected. How is theaccount increased and how is it decreased?

3. The normal balance of an account can be either a debit or acredit depending on whether increases in the account are recordedas debits or credits. What is the normal balance of the account youselected?

4. Think of a transaction that your account would be used in. Donot copy an entry from the book. Describe and illustratejournalizing the transaction, in the proper journal entryformat.

Identify a business or personal financial transaction. (You canchoose any one you like, it doesn't have to be one in thetextbook). Then answer the following questions which should resultin correctly identifying the accounts to be debited and credited:REQUIRED: 1) What are the specific accounts that are affected?(i.e. Cash, Accounts Receivable, Land, etc.) REMEMBER THAT THEREMUST BE AT LEAST 2 SPECIFIC ACCOUNTS AFFECTED. 2) What BROAD typeof Account do they belong to? (i.e. Asset, Liability or Equity) 3)Does this transaction result in an INCREASE or DECREASE to theaccount(s) in #2 above? 4) Using the rules for Debits and Creditsidentify which SPECIFIC ACCOUNT (#1) is to be debited and which isto be credited. REMEMBER: 1. ASSETS are on the LEFT side of theaccounting equation and therefore they INCREASE on the LEFT, DEBITSIDE; LIABILITIES AND EQUITY are on the RIGHT SIDE of the equationand therefore they INCREASE on the RIGHT, CREDIT side. 2. TOTALDEBITS MUST EQUAL TOTAL CREDITS!

ACBU 2222 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Trial Balance

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