BIOL 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Synonymous Substitution, Base Pair, Directional Selection
Document Summary
Simple changes at the genetic level can vause major changes in phenotypes and increase phenotypic variation in a population. Sickle cell anemia these people have a nonsynonymous single nucleotide mutation nand an incorrect amino acid in one of the two polypeptides of hemoglobin. Average human is born with from 80-350 mutations. 32 base pair deletion in humans that confers hiv resistance to homozygotes and delays aids on set in heterozygotes. Gene duplication only a genomic region on a nucleotide leads to a genomic change. Sickle cell is maintained in the population because it helps protect against malaria which is why the areas where sickle cell anemia is most abundant are also high malaria areas. Ss = no sickle cell = no resistance to malaria. Ss = no sickle cell = resistant to malaria. Ss = sickle cell = resistant to malaria.
