GEOG 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Gabbro, Oceanic Crust, Sedimentary Rock
Document Summary
Most common is basalt (dark, heavy, iron) Individual plutons, big batholith, which is the core of most major mountain ranges. Most common is granite (black & white, salt & pepper look) Compacted and cemented (a) earth materials, called clastic, (b) organic remains, or (c) chemical precipitants. Sand (cid:3455) sand that becomes stone is sandstone. Limestone has a caco(cid:910) base (calcium carbonate) carbonate base. Plankton swim with the flow of the water, and have a silica base or a calcium. Fish die and float down to the basalt floor plankton cover it and compress it so it becomes limestone. Dissolved minerals which have precipitated from solution. Metamorphic rocks were previously igneous or sedimentary that have been altered by heat and/or pressure. Results stronger rock, more resistant to weathering/erosion (original rock)parent rock metamorphic equivalent. Sedimentary rocks are deposited on horizontal layers called strata. The oldest layer is on the bottom.