PSYCH 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Coding Theory, Sensory Memory, Operant Conditioning
Document Summary
We have a method for increasing the frequency of behaviors that never or rarely occur. Using shaping, or the method of successive approximations, we begin by reinforcing spontaneous behaviors that are somewhat similar to the target behavior we want to train. In the case of teaching table manners, you might do the following. Reinforce the child for picking up any utensil. Reinforce the child for the correct utensil. Reinforce the child for putting the utensil into the food. Reinforce the child for trying to eat with the utensil. As training continues, we use gradually more stringent requirements for reinforcement. Administering an aversive stimulus is called punishment. Extinction: learned behaviors stop when they are no longer followed bya reinforcing consequence. Edward c. tolman"s latent learning and cognitive maps. How well you encode determines how well you remember. Elaboration: linking information to something you already know. Visual imagery: form a picture in your mind.
