CHEM 213 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Trigonal Planar Molecular Geometry, Nucleophilic Addition, Ketone
20 Mar 2017
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Aldehydes and ketones: can go to an alcohol after a nucleophile attacks the carbon in the middle, nucleophilic addition. Carboxylic acid derivatives: more covered in. These reactions: these carbonyls are sp2 and trigonal planar. The nucleophile comes from either the front or the back due to this: meaning stereo chemistry will once again be something to focus on. Naming aldehydes: the ending of the name = -al: gets carbon one, so chain starts at the ketone. Naming ketones: the ending of the name = -one: longest carbon chain has to contain the ketone. Nomenclature: aldehyde 4-chloro-2,2-dimethylpentanal, ketone 6-bromo-4-ethyl-3-heptanone. Aldehydes > ketones: when there"s a ketone with an aldehyde, name it using oxyl, ex. Pcc stops at the aldehyde: cr2o3 and kmno4 went all the way to the cooh, ozonolysis. Cuts a double bond and makes an aldehyde and a ketone. O3 with ch2cl2 and me2s: reduction. Too strong: but, an lah derivative, lah:
