BIOL-103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Amphiphile, Vitamin, Unsaturated Fat
2 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Lipids serve three roles in your cells: energy storage: fats and oils (tri-glycerides, chemical signals: hormones-- steroids (estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, cell membranes: phospholipids and steroids (cholesterol) Lipids cannot be split into monomers and polymers. Lipids are hydrocarbon-based structures so they are mostly hydrophobic. Some lipids have hydrophilic functional groups at one end: hydroxyls (steroids) or phosphates/amines/carboxyls (phospholipids). Building a simple fat: 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids (w/carboxyl groups) -> 1 triglyceride + 3h2o. Called fatty acids because the carboxyl group is (by definition) acidic. This is three reactions: anabolic/endergonic reactions yield one water molecule each and we have three, so we know three reactions have occurred: one for each of the fatty acids. Steroids: regardless of the steroid, they all have the same basic ring structure. They include: testosterone, estrogen, cholesterol, cortisone, vitamins d and e, etc. Vitamin d is a fat soluble (cid:448)ita(cid:373)i(cid:374) a(cid:374)d this is (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause they"re steroid (cid:448)ita(cid:373)i(cid:374)s.
