BIOL 2107K Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Heredity, Ribosomal Rna, Methionine
Document Summary
Study guide chapter 14 gene expression: transcription and translation. The central dogma is that information flows from dna to rna to protein. The unit of genetic function which carries the information for a single polypeptide or rna. It is a sequence of dna bases that codes for a specific protein which in turn determines the phenotype (physical characteristics). The purpose of translation is to convert the mrna sequence to an amino acid sequence of a polypeptide. The source of the information being translated is mrna which originally came from dna. The product is a polypeptide (sequence of linked amino acids). trnas are needed for translation. These molecules bind to a particular amino acid, associates with mrna, and interacts with ribosomes. Activating enzymes known as aminoacyl-trna sythases, atp, ribosomes (used as workbenches), an intiation complex (charged trna and ribosomal subunit) must form, initiation factors, initiation factors, rrna, and a protein release factor are also necessary.
