BISC 1111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Ribosome, Chaperonin, Nucleoside
Document Summary
Dehydration reaction: 3-7 carbons long, c:h:o = 1:2:1 (ch2o, carbonyl group (c=o) and multiple hydroxyl groups (-oh, aldose- co is at one end or ketose- co is embedded. Monosaccharides- simple sugars; simplest carbs; monomers for building complex carbohydrates. Diversity can come from the spatial arrangements of their parts around asymmetric carbons. In aqueous solutions, glucose molecules form ring structures isomers- same chemical formula but different structures. Storage psacc"s are eventually broken down into monosaccharaides for energy starch- storage fro plants; made of amylose (1-4 d-glucose) and amylose (1-4 d-glucose with branching 1-6 d) 2 glycogen- storage in animals; polymer of glucose; similar to amylopectin but more branching so a bigger structure; short term energy source. Structural psacc"s cellulose- major component of cell walls; polymer of glucose; 1- 4 d-glucose (creates straight molecules); fiber, can"t be digested by most chitin- similar to cellulose except carbon #2 has nitrogen (-nh) instead of oh.
