CHEM 2152 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Syn And Anti Addition, Fictitious Force, Sigma Bond
The General theory behind this lab is that 4-Cyclohexen-cis-1,2- dicarboxylic acid is
converted to Cyclohexane-cis-1,2-dicarboxylic acid via syn addition of H2 with a platinum
catalyst. There are two ways, in relation to stereochemistry, to convert an alkene to an alkane
via addition reactions, by adding to the carbon-carbon double bond of the alkene. Furthermore,
the double bond consists of a pi and a sigma bond, and because the carbon-carbon π bond is
relatively weak, it is quite reactive and can be easily broken and reagents can be added to
carbon. Reagents are added through the formation of single bonds to carbon in an addition
reaction. In addition, the addition of certain reagents are added stereochemically via syn of
anti-addition and regiospecifically via antimarkovnikv or anti-Markovnikov. Anti-addition
involves addition to opposite side, while syn addition involves adding to the same side (used in
this lab); Markoiko’s rule applies he the electrophile geerally adds to the terius of
the double bond to produce the more stable carbocation, or attacks the most highly substituted
carbon, while anti-Markovnikov is the opposite of that and does not involve the formation of a
carbocation. This experiment does not involve Regio-specificity, so the Markovnikov rule does
not apply here. Another part of the experiment that Is important is the platinum catalyst
Although the hydrogenation of an alkene is a thermodynamically favorable reaction, it
will not proceed without the addition of a catalyst. So, this means that in the case of the lab the
kinetics is favorable because kinetics, or reaction rates, effect of various variables, re-
arrangement of atoms, formation of intermediates, etc., is related to reactivity. Furthermore,
the most stable states of a kinetic reaction are those of the reactants, in which an input of
energy is required to move the reaction from a state of stability, to that of reacting and
converting itself to products. In the case of this lab, the addition of the catalyst, or substance
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Document Summary
The general theory behind this lab is that 4-cyclohexen-cis-1,2- dicarboxylic acid is converted to cyclohexane-cis-1,2-dicarboxylic acid via syn addition of h2 with a platinum catalyst. There are two ways, in relation to stereochemistry, to convert an alkene to an alkane via addition reactions, by adding to the carbon-carbon double bond of the alkene. Furthermore, the double bond consists of a pi and a sigma bond, and because the carbon-carbon bond is relatively weak, it is quite reactive and can be easily broken and reagents can be added to carbon. Reagents are added through the formation of single bonds to carbon in an addition reaction. In addition, the addition of certain reagents are added stereochemically via syn of anti-addition and regiospecifically via antimarkovnikv or anti-markovnikov. This experiment does not involve regio-specificity, so the markovnikov rule does not apply here. Another part of the experiment that is important is the platinum catalyst.
