BIOL10800 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Clonal Deletion, Clonal Selection, Antimicrobial Resistance
25 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Cides" vs. stats", it"s a matter of dose: the use of bacteriocides is intended to kill off the bacteria, the use of bacteriostats is intended to limit the grow of bacteria. Antibiotic resistance emerges through the selection of resistant strains: bacteria either modify the enzyme target of the drug or secrete chemicals that modify the structure of the drug making it ineffective against its target. Practices that promote antibiotic resistance: misuse an over use of antibiotics. Livestock production, sub-therapeutic dosing for weight gain: antibacterial cleaning products. Highly specific response to infection (microorganism, neoplasm, toxin) Must be learned (initially) but can be remembered. Antigen: anything against which an acquired immune response can be generated. Humoral: b-cells, mature in bone tissue, antibodies, anything foreign or threatening that is not inside a cell. Cell: t-cells, mature in thymus, virtually infected or malignantly transformed cells. Maturing b-cells and t-cells that recognize self-proteins are selected against during maturation.
