CHEM 177 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Intermolecular Force, Chemical Polarity, Hydrogen Bond
8 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
A phase: homogeneous part of the system that is in contact with other parts of the system but separated by a well defined boundary: two phases, solid phase = ice, liquid phase = water. The difference between states of matter is the strength of the intermolecular forces of attraction. Solids and liquids are referred to as condensed phases. Differences in states of matter chart: gases. Assumes both volume and shape of its container. Diffusion within gas occurs rapidly: liquid. Assumes the shape of portion of its container it occupies. Diffusion within a liquid occurs slowly: gases. Does not expand to fill its container. Diffusion within a solid occurs extremely slowly. The attractions between the molecules are not nearly as strong as the intramolecular attractions (bonds) that hold compounds together. Many physical properties reflect intermolecular forces: boiling points, melting points, viscosity, surface tension, capillary action. Intermolecular forces = attractive forces between molecules. Intramolecular forces = hold atoms together in a molecule.
