GEOL 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Tooth Enamel, Silicate Minerals, Apatite
3 Dec 2020
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Classification of minerals: so now we can start building minerals - silicates: 4000+, 20 are common. Big 7 (from big 8 which make 98% of crust) Biominerals tooth enamel (apatite: ca5(po4)3(f,cl,oh)) bones of vertebrates (apatite) stones in urinary track (calcium & phosphate deposits) shells of molluscs and other invertebrates (calcite) Phosphate in fish, eaten by birds, who defecate, large phosphate deposits are found in areas with birds. Magma is molten rock and contains crystals & gases within the earth. Melt is generally only the liquid portion of the process. Lava is molten rock and contains crystals & gases at the surface of the earth. Generally silicates, sio2 : 40-70 wt% + variable amounts of other oxides, e. g. al2o3, k2o, na2o, cao, mgo, feo, etc. Gases (volatiles) dissolved in the melt from 0. 5-5. 0 of wt% water vapor (h2o) carbon dioxide (co2) sulfur dioxide (so2) Before crystals / minerals form: liquid magma has random atoms suspended in non-crystalline structure.
