BIOL-Q 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Punnett Square, Gamete, Allele
Document Summary
Genetics: genetic knowledge before mendel, beliefs about heredity prior to mendel, mendel"s unique background, mendel"s unique approach to studying genetics, advantages to working with pea plants, short life cycle, inexpensive, could be self-pollinated. Pollen from plant fertilizes same plant: could be cross-pollinated. We know now that these traits are controlled by genes. Mendel used the term unit factors instead of genes : mendel"s conclusions, 1. Unit factors (genes) exist in pairs: genetic traits (phenotypes) are determined by unit factors (genes) that exist in pairs in individual organisms. These unit factors are particulate in nature: 2. The dominant allele: produces the dominant phenotype, hides the presence of the recessive allele. 2: expressed in homozygous and heterozygous individuals. During gamete formation, the two members of a gene pair separate from each other, and each gamete receives one member or the other of pair: 4.
