BIOL-N - Biology BIOL-N 217 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Secretion, Hyperthyroidism, Iatrogenesis
Document Summary
Hormone v hormone-like or hormone maybe. More locally active paracrine & autocrine. All nucleated cells can produce some type of cytokine. Some more locally active paracrine & autocrine. Made on demand rather than stored and released. Low and give big response with amplification. Generally involves amplification allows large responses with low. Circulating hormones: plasma enzymes or cell membrane enzymes. Protein or peptide hormones most types. Modified (in golgi) & stored until released. Water soluble easy transport in plasma. Gip & glucagon like peptide 1. Axons of hormone secreting cells of hypothalamus. Trophic hormones (cid:314) stimulate another endocrine gland. Mammary glands & milk production, no second trophic hormone. Direct tissue metabolism stimulation, no second trophic hormone. Liver: insulin-like growth factors (igfs) (cid:314) cell growth & metabolism. Gonadotropins: follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) & luteinizing hormone (lh) Ovaries & testes: estrogen & testosterone (& cell development) 3 hormone systems - 3 integration centers.