PSY-B - Psychology PSY-B 311 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Otto Loewi, Statistical Inference, Animal Cognition
17 Nov 2016
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Results of an experiment with significant difference(s) between means of experimental and control groups (iv had effect on dv): Do not mean every participant responded to iv the same way. Are differences between individuals including some who were not affected by the iv. Experiments examine average responses of groups of participants (do not emphasize individual participants) Nomothetic: seeks to establish general principles; broad generalizations that apply across individuals. Idiographic: seeks to describe, analyze and compare behavior of individual participants. Psychological testing (e. g. , personality, intelligence tests) when the aim is determining differences among individuals. Clinicians that use case studies describing a single individual or group in detail. Assess effects of ivs on behavior by comparing the average responses of two or more groups of participants. Often more than one participant is studied, but each participant"s behavior is analyzed separately. Evidence for neurotransmitters: chemical substances used in neuronal communication at synapses.
