PSY-B - Psychology PSY-B 394 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Tegmentum, Pethidine, Nucleus Accumbens
11 Apr 2016
School
Department
Professor
Document Summary
Wine/opium mixture for opiates in early 1500"s. 1874: heroin synthesized, more potent than morphine, opiate abuse becomes us problem. 1914 harrison act: drugs secured by physicians only. Wwii caused heroin use in lower class, escalates in 1960"s, dependence to military during vietnam. 1970"s: black tar heroin from mexico (heroin and morphine) Use in america: coninue to be used in medicine, irreplaceable pain-relieving agents, emoional reacions and extensive legal eforts will fail to eradicate recreaional use of opiates. Chemical characterisics: papaver somniferum (raw opium) contains 12% morphin, 6% narcoine, . 5% codeine, . 5% thebaine. Milky juice of seed capsules, most from southeast asia, india, china, iran, afghanistan: codeine structurally similar to morphine, subsituion of methoxy for hydroxyl group. Less analgesic efect (1/12th potency) and fewer side efects than morphine: heroin produced by addiion of 2 acetyl groups to morphine molecule (diacetylmorphine) Faster acing an 2-3x more potent than morphine: fentanyl (pain reliever, 100x more potent than morphine)
