ID 2415 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Social Presence Theory, Active Listening, Proxemics
22 May 2018
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Chapter 2 Key Terms:
Context: the situation or environment that influences the dynamics of communication.
Communication: a transactional process by which people simultaneously create, interpret, and
negotiate shared meaning through their interaction.
Symbol: an arbitrary, human creation used to represent something with which it has no inherent
relationship; all words are symbols.
Transactional process: all interactants mutually and simultaneously define both themselves and
others during communication.
Message: any action, sound or word used in interaction.
Listening: receiving and interpreting oral and other signals from another person or source.
People-oriented listener: a listener who is sensitive to others, nonjudgemental, and concerned
about how his or her ehaior affets others; a eoe distrated fro the task y others’ proles.
Action-oriented listener: a listener who focuses on the task, remembers details, and prefers an
organized presentation.
Content-oriented listener: a listener who ejoys aalyzig iforatio ad dissetig others’
arguments; can be seen as overly critical.
Time-oriented listener: a listener sensitive to time; may be impatient or try to move the group
prematurely to closure.
Active listener: listening with the intent of understanding a speaker the way the speaker wishes
to be understood and paraphrasing your understanding so the speaker can confirm or correct the
paraphrase.
Paraphrase: restateet i oe’s o ords of hat oe uderstood a speaker to ea.
Computer-ediated ouiatio CMC: group eers’ use of oputers to
communicate with one another.
Net conference: a conference that takes place electronically over networked computers.
Social presence: the extent to which group members perceive that a particular communication
medium is socially and emotionally similar to face-to-face interaction.
Nonverbal behavior: messages other than words to which listeners react.
Emoticons: symbols and combinations of characters used in computer-medicated
communication to help convey relational messages and social presence.
Regulators: nonverbal behavior used to control who speaks during a discussion.
Proxemics: the study of uses of space and territory between and among people.
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Document Summary
Context: the situation or environment that influences the dynamics of communication. Communication: a transactional process by which people simultaneously create, interpret, and negotiate shared meaning through their interaction. Symbol: an arbitrary, human creation used to represent something with which it has no inherent relationship; all words are symbols. Transactional process: all interactants mutually and simultaneously define both themselves and others during communication. Message: any action, sound or word used in interaction. Listening: receiving and interpreting oral and other signals from another person or source. People-oriented listener: a listener who is sensitive to others, nonjudgemental, and concerned about how his or her (cid:271)eha(cid:448)ior affe(cid:272)ts others; (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:271)e(cid:272)o(cid:373)e distra(cid:272)ted fro(cid:373) the task (cid:271)y others" pro(cid:271)le(cid:373)s. Action-oriented listener: a listener who focuses on the task, remembers details, and prefers an organized presentation. Content-oriented listener: a listener who e(cid:374)joys a(cid:374)alyzi(cid:374)g i(cid:374)for(cid:373)atio(cid:374) a(cid:374)d disse(cid:272)ti(cid:374)g others" arguments; can be seen as overly critical.
