CHEM 1151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Boiling Point, Scientific Notation, Abbreviation
19 views3 pages
Unit 1 Notes
1. Chemistry: the study of matter and the interactions that it undergoes
2. Matter: anything that has mass and volume
a. States of matter
i. Solid: definite shape, definite volume
ii. Liquid: no definite shape, definite volume
iii. Gas: no definite shape, no definite volume
b. Properties of matter
i. Physical properties: properties that give characteristics of a material
without changing the material (boiling point (BP), melting point (MP),
color, density, hardness, etc.)
ii. Chemical properties: properties that describe how a material will interact
with another material
c. Changes in matter
i. Physical changes: changes that do not involve a change in the
composition of a substance (i.e. change of state, ripping, tearing, etc.)
ii. Chemical changes: changes that involve a change in the composition of
the substance (i.e. rusting, cooking, combustion, etc.)
3. Substance: anything that is pure
4. Element: a pure substance that cannot be simplified or broken down into simpler things
by means of a chemical reaction
5. Compound: two or more elements that have chemically combined
6. Mixture: 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined
a. Homogeneous: looks the same throughout
b. Heterogeneous: looks different throughout
7. Measurements: a good measurement will have both a number and a unit. In science,
the metric unit is the preferred system
a. Metric conversions: M _ _ k h D b d c m _ _ µ
Prefix
Abbreviation
Meaning
Mega
M
1 E 6 (1,000,000)
Kilo
k
1 E 3 (1,000)
Hecta
h
1 E 2 (100)
Deca
D
1 E 1 (10)
Deci
d
1 E -1 (0.1)
Centi
c
1 E -2 (0.01)
Milli
m
1 E -3 (0.001)
Micro
µ
1 E -6 (0.000001)
8. Mass: the amount of matter (stuff) in an object
9. Volume: the amount of space an object takes up
10. Length: distance between two points
11. Scientific notation: a number that’s multiplied by 10 to some power