BISC 260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Abdominal Pain, Adenine, Helicase
1 Nov 2016
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Cephalosporins: structurally and functionally similar to penicillins, broad-spectrum antibiotics that can be used by most patients that are allergic to penicillin, four categories based on their spectrum of activity. Macrolides: contain 12- to 22-carbon lactone rings linked to one or more sugars, e. g. erythromycin, broad spectrum, usually bacteriostatic, binds to 23s rrna of 50s ribosomal subunit, inhibits peptide chain elongation, used for patients allergic to penicillin. Sulfanamides or sulfa drugs peptidyltransferase: structurally related to sulfanilamide, a paminobenzoic acid. Paba ring: paba used for the synthesis of folic acid and is made by many pathogens, sulfa drugs are selectively toxic due to competitive inhibition of folic acid synthesis enzymes. Xviii. quinolones: broad-spectrum, synthetic drugs containing the 4-quinolone ring, nalidixic acid first synthesized quinolone, act by inhibiting bacterial dna-gyrase and topoisomerase ii, bactericidal for a wide range of infections. Candida: topical and oral, disrupt membrane permeability and inhibit sterol synthesis (messes with human cholesterol, disrupts mitotic spindle; may inhibit protein and.
