GEOG 341 Lecture 4: Special Topics - Geograph of Africa - Week 4
22 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Forests, 1300 bc: by 1000 ad to southern part of continent, spread throughout sub-saharan africa, largely replaced pygmies in central africa, often bantu merged with others to form new cultures, helped diffuse agriculture and metal working across africa. Agricultural hearths are where agriculture (crops and animals) was first domesticated. Diffused from fertile crescent: wheat, barley, goats, grapes, lentils, garlic, olives, lettuce, cattle. West africa: millet, arrowroot, gourds, melons, pigs, rice, yams (not sweet potatoes), oil palm. East africa: donkey, barley, coffee, cotton, okra, sorghum, wheat. From se asia, through madagascar and east africa: sugarcane, plantains, bananas, mangos, citrus, breadfruit. From the new world after 1500: cassava (manioc), beans, sweet potatoes (not yams), papaya, maize (now staple for nearly all of sub-saharan africa) Intermarriage and mixing occurs when the groups meet. Ghana empire: not modern ghana, 4th century ad introduction of camel into western sahara, middlemen in the trans-saharan trade; gateway between west africa and western north.
