BIOL 1202 Lecture 27: BIOL 1202 Chapter 27- gregg

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17 Apr 2018
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Concept 27. 1: structural and functional adaptions contribute to prokaryotic success: prokaryotes are unicellular- some colonial forms, range in size from 1-5 um(thiocarbamide namibiensis-750 um, no membrane bound organelles, circular chromosomes. Prokaryotic cells have a variety of shapes: the three most common are spheres(cocci), rods(bacilli), and spirals(spirilli) Internal organization: prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles, some do have specialized membranes that perform metabolic fxns, photosynthetic prokaryotes have a thylakoid membranes, aerobic prokaryotes will have respiratory membranes. Genomic organization: prokaryotic chromosome(circular dna found in the nucleoid region)-- not within a nucleus, plasmid(smaller circular dna rings)-- additional genes not always necessary for basic survival, e. g. antibiotic resistance, fig 27. 9. Reproduction: prokaryotes reproduce quickly by binary fission -- can divide every 1-3 hrs, form of asexual reproduction-- produces genetically identical daughter cells. Transformation and transduction: transformation: uptake of foreign dna from the environment, transduction: viruses carry bacterial dna from one host cell to another (bacteriophages carry the dna )

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