ENVS 1126 Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Vibrio Parahaemolyticus, Case Fatality Rate, Hurricane Rita
24 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Vibrio species: introduction: gram-negative, halophilic (salt-loving, naturally occurring in marine environments, exposure: raw or undercooked shellfish, particularly oysters, more frequent in asian countries, vibrio cholerae, cholera. Fever: lack of clean drinking water, 150,000 deaths in developing countries, average 0-5 cases per year in u. s. , 7 in 2007, 2 cases following hurricane rita, shrimp, vibrio vulnificus, gastroenteritis. Infection can lead to sepsis in certain patients. Fever, chills, septic shock, blistering skin lesions. Vibrio parahaemolyticus major outbreaks: first u. s. outbreak in md in 1971 (320 illnesses, tainted crabmeat, 1997. Serogroups o1, o4, and o5 (u. s. -native: 1998. O3:k6 increased since 1998 outbreaks: 1997 and 1998 were el ni o years, outbreak on alaskan cruise ship (july 2004, 62 illnesses, raw oysters) Water remained above 15 c in summer: may-july 2006 (177 illnesses, ny, or, wa; contaminated oysters and clams harvested in wa) Thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) tdh-related hemolysin (trh: type iii secretion systems (ttsss)
