HIST 1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Delian League, Greco-Persian Wars, Oligarchy
Golden Age Greece and the Wars
I. Persians
A. Geography
1.
B. Political system
1.
C. Religion
1.
II. Greek Golden Age, 500-403 BC
A. Persian Wars, 490-479 BC
1. Battle of Marathon; 490 BCE
2. Athenians win; only 192 killed
3. Battle of Salamis ?? maybe
B. The Athenian Empire
1. Forms alliance (Hellenic League) with other Greek city-states
• Sparta was the leader
• Trap for Persians back fired and Sparta was destroyed
2. Started Delian League
• About 150 Cities
• In control of alliance and become extremely wealthy
• Leader was Pericles
o ?? who is he
o Built walls after it was burned down
3. Athens: Democracy, Trade, Sea Power, Open
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
2
C. Peloponnesian War, 431-404 BC
1. Sparta and its allies against the Delian League
2. First Phase; 431-421 BCE
• Megara
• Funeral oration by Pericles
o Primary Source
• Plague 430 BCE
• Peace of Nicias 421-415 BCE
o Athenian General
o Destruction of Melos, 416 BCE
3. Thucydides (2 Primary sources)
• Athenian
• Lost battle of Amphipolis and was exiled for 20 years
4. Sparta: Military Oligarchy, Agricultural, Land Power, Secretive,
Helots, Peloponnesian League
5. Second Phase
• Nicias
o Wanted to end the war and hold peace
o Held peace until Alcibiades
o Still was a good Athenian and went on the mission
to Syracuse
• Alcibiades
o Related to Pericles
o If we do a secret attack it will hurt supplies going
to Sparta
o Then they would go to Sparta
o Led attack on Syracuse
• Sicilian Expedition
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Golden age greece and the wars: persians, geography, political system, religion. Spartans: athenians accepts help from alcibiades when they were losing, sparta wins war in a very weakened state, alcibiades was later found in the persian empire and executed him. Plato: student of socrates; socrates death had a huge impact on plato so he leaves athens and sets of a school called the academy; hates democracy , thinks only philosophers should be leaders. Parthenon: had 40 feet tall statue of athena; Sacrifice: how they showed eusebia; sacrifice animals, wine, and grain. Eusebia: piety, respect toward the gods; a duty. Agora: (cid:395)uad; (cid:449)he(cid:396)e (cid:373)e(cid:374) hu(cid:374)g out, toa"s fo(cid:396) shade. Persians: ruler was darius; lost to athenians in battle of marathon. Darius, 522-486 bc: planned revenge on athenians for defeating him (persians) Xerxes, 486-464 bc: o(cid:374) of da(cid:396)ius; follo(cid:449)s i(cid:374) fathe(cid:396)"s footsteps to atta(cid:272)k. Hellenic league: fought against persians; fought each other on who was leader after sparta was destroyed.
