REL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Abrahamic Religions, Omnibenevolence, Theism
Judaism
I. The Arahai Religios
A. Judaism, Christianity, Islam
1. Why?
• Abraham is an important figure in each
B. Share much Nature of God: Western Theism one deity has a personal
relationship with humans
1. Transcendent
• God is separate from the world
• Opposite of iaet God is not in us
2. Eternal
• Existing forever
3. Infinite
• He has no boundaries
4. Father
• Not seen as androgynous
• Male
5. Creator
• He created the world
6. Judge
• Will judge us when world ends
• Eshatolog what will happen at end of time?
7. Omnipredicates
• Omnipotence
o No limit to his power
• Omniscience
o All knowing
• Omnibenevolence
o All good his goodness is infinite
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C. Many difference: What year is it?
1. Judaism: 5778
• Rabbis used the bible to count back the generations to the beginning
• Use a modified lunar calendar
o Have to add an extra month ~ every 19 years
2. Christianity: 2018 A.D.
• i the ear of our lord year 1 is when Jesus was born
3. Islam: 1439 A.H.
• after the Hijrah
o Migration of the prophet Mohammad from Mecca to Medina
(Yathrib)
• Lunar calendar with no modifications two weeks less in a year
• They do not entirely trust the old and new testament
D. Really complex relationship
1. Blank spaces are the things distinct to that religion
2. Some things ideas are shared not exact same , but overlapping ideas
• Judaism and Christianity: Hebrew Bible, Old Testament
• Judaism and Islam: Dietary restrictions
• Christianity and Islam: Importance of Jesus/Isa
3. They all share the Nature of God
II. Judaism: historically first of the three
A. Historical origins
1. Emic Account
• Genesis 12 f.f. first ook i ile: egiig
• The Lord makes a covenant with Abraham (Abram)
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• Three promises to Abraham:
o Land of Canaan
o Descendants his wife Sarah could not have kids
▪ Israelites/Jews are his descendants
o That this nation would be blessed
• Abraham gets circumcised
• ~ 1000 BCE Temple in Jerusalem
2. Etic/Scholarly Account
• Temple built in ~965 BCE center of religion
• Jerusalem is made of two kingdoms:
o Judah
o Israel
• “holars do’t ko hat happeed efore the teple as uilt
o Everything before the temple is a story no evidence
• Sacrificial tradition
o No bible; temple was the center
o Tithe sacrifice
▪ th
▪ First and best 10th of crops, animals, whatever wealth
o Sin offering
▪ issed the ark
▪ For each sin you committed you had to take a
particular offering to the temple
o Thanksgiving offering
▪ Over and above sin and tithe offerings
▪ If you lived far from temple you could exchange your
money for animals, crops, etc. to sacrifice
• Prophets: 965-586 BCE
o Scolded elites and kings for ignoring the poor and widows
o Unless we change our ways the lord will use other people as a
hammer to destroy us
• Assyrians: 722 BCE
o Conquered huge chunk of Israel
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Document Summary
Judaism and christianity: hebrew bible, old testament: christianity and islam: importance of jesus/isa. Judaism and islam: dietary restrictions: they all share the nature of god. Judaism: historically first of the three: historical origins, emic account, genesis 12 f. f. First (cid:271)ook i(cid:374) (cid:271)i(cid:271)le: (cid:862)(cid:271)egi(cid:374)(cid:374)i(cid:374)g(cid:863: the lord makes a covenant with abraham (abram) 2: three promises to abraham, land of canaan, descendants his wife sarah could not have kids. Israelites/jews are his descendants: that this nation would be blessed, abraham gets circumcised, ~ 1000 bce temple in jerusalem, etic/scholarly account, temple built in ~965 bce center of religion. Jerusalem is made of two kingdoms: judah. 5: group of reformers from galilee, where jesus is from, do not survive turn into christians. Deuteronomy: straight from god most reliable, n, neviim, slightly less sacred, from prophets. Isiah, ezekiel, etc: k, kethurin, all the writing of the old testament (hebrew bible) that are not from god or prophets.
