PSYC 273 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Moral Development, Psychoanalytic Theory, Prenatal Hormones And Sexual Orientation
Document Summary
Nonsocial activity: unoccupied, onlooker behavior or solitary play. Parallel play: playing near other children with similar toys, without trying to influence them. Associative play: engaging in separate activities, but exchanging toys and comments. Cooperative play: working toward a common goal (as in make-believe play) Functional play: simple repetitive motor movements with or without objects, especially common during the first 2 years. Constructive play: creating or constructing something, especially common between 3-6 years of age. Make-believe play: acting out everyday and imaginary roles, especially common between 2-6 years. In early childhood, a friend is someone "who likes you" and with whom you spend a lot of time playing. Friendship does not yet have to be an enduring quality based on mutual trust. Preschoolers give more reinforcement to friends - greetings, praise, compliance - and receive more from them. All theories of moral development recognize that the conscience begins to take shape in early childhood.
