BIO 115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Rna World, Rna-Dependent Rna Polymerase, Pitch Lake

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23 Jun 2018
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6. Origin of Life
Requirements for life (WHAT)
oWater
oCarbon
oNitrogen
oPhosphorus
oCell membrane
WHERE
oThe Dead Sea
oPitch Lake (tar)
oRadioactive waste
D. radiodurans- lots of copies of DNA
oNASA clean rooms
Live on paint and leftover cleaning solvents
oYellowstone NP Hot Springs
oHydrothermal vents
Different pH in pockets
Steps of HOW
1. Abiotic synthesis of small organic molecules
2. Building polymers from monomers
1. Amino acids polypeptide
2. Can take blocks add to clay get polymers
3. RNA can be catalytic: can regulate something/ make reaction occur
4. RNA World Hypothesis: earliest cellular forms of life had RNA
2. Packing the polymers; self from nonself
1. Protocell
2. All cell membranes are phospholipid bilayer
3. Micelles- vesicle
2. Self-replication ; inheritance
1. RNA replicase- makes RNA from RNA template
2. If RNA was first, DNA chemically selected
3. DNA is more chemically stable than RNA
Miller-Urey experiment
oFound amino acid abiotically
WHO
oProkaryotes in nature were first
oFirst fossils: cyanobacteria
Fossilized stromatolites are 3.7 bya
Can form large structures
Fossilization favored
Cyanobacteria are complex for bacteria
WHEN
oEvidence of life 3.7 bya
oFirst cells evolved
oLiquid water present about 3.8 bya
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Document Summary

Requirements for life (what: water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, cell membrane. Where: the dead sea, pitch lake (tar, radioactive waste. D. radiodurans- lots of copies of dna: nasa clean rooms. Live on paint and leftover cleaning solvents: yellowstone np hot springs, hydrothermal vents. Building polymers from monomers: amino acids polypeptide, can take blocks add to clay get polymers, rna can be catalytic: can regulate something/ make reaction occur, rna world hypothesis: earliest cellular forms of life had rna. Packing the polymers; self from nonself: protocell, all cell membranes are phospholipid bilayer, micelles- vesicle. Self-replication ; inheritance: rna replicase- makes rna from rna template. 2: dna is more chemically stable than rna. Miller-urey experiment: found amino acid abiotically. Who: prokaryotes in nature were first, first fossils: cyanobacteria.