BIO 161 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Immune System, Lymphatic System, B Cell
1
IMMUNE SYSTEM
Functions:
- Protect against infection
- Determine whether something is “self” or foreign
- Destroy or neutralize foreign matter
- Therapeutic-tap into immune
Early stages: WBCs and plasma proteins: non-specific inflammatory
response (INNATE)
If invasion persists – WBCs (B cells + T cells) – specific immune
responses (ADAPTIVE)
- They recognize specific proteins (antigens) that are foreign to the
body
Immune system is distributed
- Immune system consists of a diffuse collection of cells through out
the body
o Distributed in blood, lymph, and tissues
- Many, many chemical messengers (cytokines) used for
communication between cells
2 types of immune responses
Innate:
- Defends at body surface
- Defend against foreign cells or matter
- Recognize general properties
- Inflammation in response to injury/infection
Adaptive:
- Defend against foreign cells or matter
- Recognize specific properties
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2
What are microbes?
- Microbes are microscopic organisms and particles that include
bacteria, viruses, prions, fungi, multicellular parasites
Lymphatic system
Functions:
- Absorbs excess tissue fluid, return it to bloodstream
- In small intestine – absorb fats
- Production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes (white
blood cells) in the body
- Helps defense against pathogens
Primary Lymphoid organs:
Bone marrow: red bone marrow = site for the origin of all types of
blood cells
- Produces blood cells including B and T lymphocytes
B cells: mature in bone mature, if reacts with body cell = destroyed
Thymus: lymphatic tissue where T lymphocytes mature and learn to tell
self from nonself
T cells: mature in thymus (produced in bone marrow)
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Document Summary
Determine whether something is self or foreign. Early stages: wbcs and plasma proteins: non-specific inflammatory response (innate) If invasion persists wbcs (b cells + t cells) specific immune responses (adaptive) They recognize specific proteins (antigens) that are foreign to the body. Immune system consists of a diffuse collection of cells through out the body: distributed in blood, lymph, and tissues. Many, many chemical messengers (cytokines) used for communication between cells. Microbes are microscopic organisms and particles that include bacteria, viruses, prions, fungi, multicellular parasites. Absorbs excess tissue fluid, return it to bloodstream. Production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes (white blood cells) in the body. Bone marrow: red bone marrow = site for the origin of all types of blood cells. Produces blood cells including b and t lymphocytes. B cells: mature in bone mature, if reacts with body cell = destroyed. Thymus: lymphatic tissue where t lymphocytes mature and learn to tell self from nonself.
