BIO 325 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Osmotic Pressure, Facilitated Diffusion, Passive Transport
Document Summary
Passive transport: material move down a concentration gradient from a high concentration to low: no free energy used to move materials, diffusion: movement of any particle (usually solute) due to random motion/movement (brownian motion) Distance: osmosis: movement of solvent (h20) across a membrane when solute movement is prevented. Osmotic pressure: generated from differences in water concentration resulting in different particle concentrations. The greater the water concentration the greater the osmotic pressure. Hypertonic: higher concentration of particles inside verses outside the cell. Hypotonic: lower concentration of particles inside verses outside the cell. Osmolarity: how many particles a molecule will produce when it dissociates. Hyperosmotic: higher concentration of particles inside versus outside the cell. Hypoosmotic: lower concentration of particles inside versus outside the cell. Isosmotic: equal concentration: facilitated diffusion: carrier molecule used to help move other molecules across membrane. Only way to receive large molecules: endocytosis: movement of materials into a cell. Decreases total amount of exterior cellular surface area.