KNH 304 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Citric Acid Cycle, Gluconeogenesis, Common Hepatic Artery

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75,000 deaths attributed to excessive alcohol use. 3rd leading lifestyle-related death: behind smoking and obesity. Binge drinking: 4 drinks within 2 hours for women, 5 drinks within 2 hours for men, niaaa (national institute of alcoholism and. Heavy drinking: more than 1 drink per day for women, more than 2 drinks per day for men. Dietary guidelines for americans: no more than 1 drink per day for women, no more than 2 drinks per day for men. Excessive drinking includes heavy drinking, binge drinking, or both. Alcohol stated in proof: 100 proof is 50% alcohol, 80 proof is 40% alcohol, wine 8-14% alcohol, beer 4-6% alcohol. 100 proof as being 50% of ethyl alcohol by volume. Once alcohol is consumed: needs no digestion, 20% is directly absorbed directly across the walls of an empty stomach and can reach the brain within a minute, carbohydrate snacks slow absorption, high fat snacks slow peristalsis.

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